Tympanoplasty is the repair of perforation or rupture of the eardrum, the eardrum or eardrum is caused by the impact of infection and sudden high pressure on the eardrum. Usually, small holes in the eardrum heal by themselves, but the healing of larger holes They will need surgery. Dr. Nasrin Yazdani, one of the best otolaryngologists, can help you in diagnosing and treating this condition.

Most cases of eardrum rupture occur with infections of the bone behind the ear or mastoid. The eardrum rupture can be accompanied by the discharge of pus or otorrhea, or it can occur without the discharge of pus from the ear hole. Its characteristic symptom is hearing loss , and depending on the location of the ear piercing, the amount of hearing loss varies. Eardrum repair surgery is recommended for patients with eardrum perforation depending on the age of referral and other symptoms and the patient's needs.

In short, it should be mentioned:

During microscopic surgery, the eardrum, fascia, or the sheath covering the muscles behind the ear, is removed from behind the ear, and during the surgical process, this tissue will be transplanted to the eardrum hole. Removing a small piece of the cartilage behind the ear without any change to the appearance of the earlobe can be used as a supporting tissue for the eardrum or fascia. This operation can be performed without cutting behind the ear using an ear endoscopy from inside the external ear hole.

Ear repair surgery

• It is possible to perform tympanoplasty surgery in Tehran with Dr. Nasrin Yazdani, according to the conditions, in several ways (transcanal or ear canal method, intraoral approach or incision in the ear and postauricular approach of incision behind the ear).
• In some cases, a transplant is performed to reconstruct the eardrum.
• In order to repair the small holes in the eardrum, the doctor makes the necessary incisions in the ear canal and then lifts the remaining eardrum from the ear canal and lifts it forward.
• Currently, it is possible to repair the tympanic membrane through an endoscope without the need to open the back of the ear.
• It should be noted that if the hole in the tympanic membrane is very large or if the hole is difficult for reasons such as the position or shape of the ear canal, it will be necessary to make an incision behind the ear and the surgical microscope will provide a more accurate image to the ear doctor. It will give throat and nose.
• At this time, the hole can be accessed by moving the outer ear up or down.
• When the hole is exposed to a good ear surgeon in Tehran; They turn its remains forward and in this way, they inspect the auditory bones.

Types of tympanoplasty surgical procedures

Patch tympanoplasty

Patch tympanoplasty is also one of the types of ear repair surgery, during which the focus is on repairing small holes without ear discharge. This procedure is performed with a patch technique in children, under general anesthesia, and in adults, in the office. During this process, the eardrum cavities are repaired using a piece of paper made of biological tissue. (In this method, Dr. Gosh uses the patient's blood or ointment in order to prevent the displacement of the plug.) According to the advice of Dr. Yazdani, a good otolaryngologist in Tehran, after six weeks of ear surgery, the patient should Check the repaired cavity, visit the office again.

Fat tympanoplasty

Fat tympanoplasty is considered as one of the simplest ear repair surgeries; Because it is possible to perform it in the office, under local anesthesia. But how is this surgery performed? After anesthetizing the earlobe, the doctor uses fat to repair the cavities of the eardrum.

Internal tympanoplasty

It is possible to perform this surgical technique with both general anesthesia and local anesthesia. Internal tympanoplasty can be performed in three ways (through an endoscope, microscope or through an incision behind the ear). Access to the eardrum will be possible through an incision on the ear canal. In this method, it is possible to widen the ear canal. After accessing the remaining eardrum, the doctor lifts and places the graft tissue under it; It should be noted that the dressing is also placed in the middle ear and ear canal in order to maintain the graft until complete recovery. The repair of the inner eardrum takes 3 hours.

Tympanoplasty by creating an incision behind the ear

in cases where the rupture of the eardrum is large or previous operations have not been successful; Tympanoplasty surgery is performed through an incision behind the ear; This surgery is performed under general anesthesia. In this method, after making a cut, the doctor opens the ear canal; In most cases, most of the eardrum is removed and a new eardrum is created using the fascia or sheath of the temporalis muscle (behind the ear). The duration of this surgery is approximately 2 hours.

Mastoidectomy tympanoplasty

Mastoidectomy tympanoplasty is performed in Tehran in order to repair middle ear damage by removing and shaving the infected bones behind the ear; In fact, mastoidectomy surgery involves repairing the eardrum and also removing the mastoid bone (the mastoid bone is a part of the skull that can be felt by touching the back of the ear).

What are the complications of ear repair surgery?

Ear repair surgery, like other operations, will be accompanied by its own unique complications, some of which are:

• Pain in the ear
• infection
• Bleeding
• Failure to heal the created hole
• hearing loss
• Tinnitus
• Temporary dizziness
• temporary change of the sense of taste on one side of the tongue (it should be noted that the nerve of taste passes through the ear canal.)
• Seventh nerve palsy (this complication occurs if the doctor does not have enough skills.)

It is worth mentioning ; By observing two points (careful selection of the surgeon and otolaryngologist in Tehran, following the points before and after the ear surgery), you can easily prevent complications from ear repair surgery.

Recovery after surgery

Tympanoplasty in Tehran is a surgery to repair a hole in the eardrum. The purpose of this operation is to improve hearing or stop recurrent ear infections, which do not respond to other medical treatments. After surgery, you may feel dizzy for a few days. The incision behind the ear may be painful for a week. Some blood may come out of the ear canal and the incision area. You will probably feel congested, and for a while you will not be able to hear as well as before the surgery. This blockage will improve after one to two weeks as the eardrum heals and cotton or gauze is removed. Sutures can be absorbable, or need to be pulled by a doctor.

 

Care after tympanoplasty

1. Patients' activities should be limited until the incision made behind the ear heals.
2. Patients should refrain from sports and vigorous games for some time after tympanoplasty surgery (at least 7 to 10 days); After this period, they can gradually reduce the restrictions.
3. Patients should avoid putting pressure on the earlobe for two weeks after ear surgery.
4. Avoid finning during ear surgery recovery.
5. It is recommended to patients; bathe after almost a week of tympanoplasty; Because water should not enter the ear. After this period, necessary precautions should be taken to prevent water from entering the ear or cutting behind the ear.

Tip: It is important to put greasy cotton in front of the ear hole and prevent water from entering during the bath.

Other measures after tympanoplasty

• It is important to prevent water from entering the ear.
• You should also avoid lifting heavy objects, vigorous exercise, and other activities that may put pressure on the eardrum, including flying, swimming, diving, and contact sports, for two to four weeks.
• Avoiding lifting heavy objects can include anything, such as a child, a backpack, or a heavy suitcase.
• When you feel tired, getting enough sleep will help you recover. So rest as much as possible.
• For the first week, keep your head elevated using two to three pillows. You can sleep in a semi-sitting position.
• Walk every day. Gradually increase the duration of the walk. Walking increases blood flow and helps prevent constipation, fluid accumulation in the lungs, and lung infections after general anesthesia.
• Avoid sudden head movements and bending in the first two or three days; It may cause dizziness.
• Until the best tympanoplasty surgeon in Tehran allows, or for two to four weeks, avoid vigorous activities and sports that cause sweating, such as cycling, jogging, horse riding, weight lifting or aerobics.
• If you were taking aspirin or other blood thinners before ear surgery, talk to your doctor about restarting these medications. Avoid herbal blood thinners, such as ginger, garlic, and vitamin E, or if you do, stop using them before surgery.
• Use painkillers and antibiotics exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Take medicines after meals; unless prescribed otherwise.